Utah Esthetics Written State Practice Exam

What skin condition is characterized by the formation of liver spots?

1. Psoriasis

2. Eczema

3. Chloasma

4. Vitiligo

The correct answer is: Chloasma

Chloasma, often referred to as melasma, is the skin condition specifically characterized by the formation of liver spots, also known as hyperpigmented patches. These spots typically appear on areas of the skin that have been exposed to the sun, such as the face, and are more common among women, particularly during pregnancy or when taking hormonal medication. Chloasma occurs due to an overproduction of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color, often triggered by factors like sun exposure and hormonal changes. The other conditions mentioned—psoriasis, eczema, and vitiligo—are associated with different symptoms and characteristics. Psoriasis typically presents with red, scaly patches and a higher level of inflammation. Eczema, on the other hand, manifests as dry, itchy, and inflamed skin. Vitiligo is characterized by loss of pigment in patches, leading to lighter areas of skin, contrasting with the darker surrounding areas. Therefore, chloasma is uniquely associated with liver spots due to its specific mechanism of hyperpigmentation.